{"id":231,"date":"2017-02-17T14:28:12","date_gmt":"2017-02-17T13:28:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev.agostinjani.org\/malti\/riflessjonijiet-u-artikli\/pierre-desira-riflessjonijiet-u-artikli\/santu-wistin-u-l-afrika-ta-fuq-2\/"},"modified":"2017-02-17T14:28:12","modified_gmt":"2017-02-17T14:28:12","slug":"santu-wistin-u-l-afrika-ta-fuq-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agostinjani.org\/mt\/riflessjonijiet-u-artikli\/pierre-desira-riflessjonijiet-u-artikli\/santu-wistin-u-l-afrika-ta-fuq-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Santu Wistin u l-Afrika ta\u2019 Fuq"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>minn Patri Pierre Desira, Agostinjan<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Jista\u2019 jkun li t-titlu jissorprendik u ji\u0121ik li tistaqsi, imma x\u2019jg\u0127aqqad lil Santu Wistin mal-Afrika ta\u2019 Fuq? It-twe\u0121iba hi sew sempli\u010bi kif ukoll komplessa. Hi sempli\u010bi g\u0127ax Santu Wistin hu<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Afrikan, fis-sens li twieled, g\u0127ex u miet fl-Afrika ta\u2019 Fuq, u din taf tkun ta\u2019 sorpri\u017ca g\u0127al \u0127afna. I\u017cda jekk nippruvaw nifhmu x\u2019rabta hemm illum bejn Santu Wistin u l-art li g\u0127ex fiha sekli ilu, it-twe\u0121iba ssir komplessa, u kif!<\/p>\n<p>\u0126a nibda mit-twe\u0121iba bis-sempli\u010bi. G\u0127edt li Santu Wistin g\u0127ex sekli ilu. Fil-fatt hu g\u0127ex fir-raba\u2019 u l-\u0127ames seklu, g\u0127alhekk fi \u017cmien l-Imperu Ruman. Twieled fis-sena 354, nhar it-13 ta\u2019 Novembru, f\u2019belt \u017cg\u0127ira jisimha Tagaste, fil-provin\u010bja tan-Numidja. Mis-sena 396 sat-28 ta\u2019Awwissu 430, jum id-d\u0127ul tieg\u0127u fis-sema, SantuWistin kien l-isqof tal-belt ta\u2019 Ippona, ukoll fin-Numidja. Imma inutli li nfittxu dawn l-ismijiet f\u2019atlas modern, g\u0127ax illum, dawn il-postijiet g\u0127andhom ismijiet o\u0127ra. Dik li kienet il-provin\u010bja tan-Numidja llum tag\u0127mel parti mill-Al\u0121erija, wie\u0127ed mill-pajji\u017ci tal-Afrika ta\u2019 Fuq, re\u0121jun li jinsab f\u2019dak li llum hu l-Lvant tal-Al\u0121erija, fruntiera mat-Tune\u017cija, bejn wie\u0127ed u ie\u0127or madwar sag\u0127tejn bog\u0127od bl-ajru minn Malta. Il-belt ta\u2019 Tagaste llum jisimha Souk Ahras, li bil-Malti tfisser Suq tal-Iljuni, xhieda li kien hemm \u017cmien li f\u2019dan il-post kienu jbig\u0127u l-iljuni. Il-belt ta\u2019 Ippona, illum fdalijiet arkeolo\u0121i\u010bi, tinsab ftit \u2019il bog\u0127od mill-belt ta\u2019 Annaba. Santu Wistin g\u0127ex ukoll f\u2019Karta\u0121ni, ftit \u2019il bog\u0127od minn Tunis, il-belt kapitali tat-Tune\u017cija. F\u2019Karta\u0121ni \u017c-\u017cag\u0127\u017cug\u0127 Wistin kien mar jistudja, u kien re\u0121a\u2019 \u017carha kemm-il darba meta kien isqof.<\/p>\n<p>Fil-bidla tal-ismijiet dawn il-postijiet hi mi\u0121bura storja ta\u2019 1600 sena, li minn \u017cmien Santu Wistin twassal sa \u017cmienna, u li ti\u0121bor tant \u0121rajjiet li g\u0127adda minnhom ir-re\u0121jun tal-Afrika ta\u2019 Fuq, li minn \u017cmien l-Imperu Ruman je\u0127duna g\u0127a\u017c-\u017cmien Bi\u017cantin, ikomplu bi\u017c-\u017cmien G\u0127arbi, iktar ri\u010benti dan ir-re\u0121jun kien maqsum f\u2019kolonji tal-pajji\u017ci Ewropej, sakemm \u0127adu l-indipendenza tag\u0127hom bejn is-snin 50 u 60 tas-seklu g\u0127oxrin. Hu hawn fejn nibdew ninteb\u0127u bil-komplessit\u00e0 tar-rabta ta\u2019 Santu Wistin mal-Afrika ta\u2019 Fuq. Il-popolarit\u00e0 u l-konoxxenza ta\u2019 Santu Wistin fost il-popli tal-Afrika ta\u2019 Fuq \u017cdiedet jew naqset hekk kif il-pre\u017cenza tal-Insara fir-re\u0121jun \u017cdiedet jew naqset.<\/p>\n<p>Fi \u017cmien Santu Wistin kienu \u0127afna l-Insara tal-Afrika ta\u2019 Fuq. Filwaqt li, ftit snin qabel l-Imperu kien jippersegwita lill-Insara, fi \u017cmien Santu Wistin l-Insara mhux talli li ma kinux ippersegwitati i\u017cda kienu element importanti tas-so\u010bjet\u00e0. Huma kkontribwew sew g\u0127all-\u0121id temporali kif ukoll dak spiritwali ta\u2019 dik is-so\u010bjet\u00e0. Kien \u017cmien li matulu l-Imperu kellu diffikult\u00e0, partikolarment fil-provin\u010bji periferi\u010bi, fosthom dawk tal-Afrika ta\u2019 Fuq, li jsib persuni ta\u2019 integrit\u00e0 u rettitudni sabiex imexxu b\u2019\u0121ustizzja. Jekk qabel, l-Imperu kien isib fil-familji patrizji l-qawwa morali tieg\u0127u, fir-raba\u2019 u l-\u0127ames seklu, kien je\u0127tie\u0121 ukoll l-involviment ta\u2019 mexxejja Nsara, b\u2019mod partikulari tal-isqfijiet. Kien g\u0127alhekk li l-Imperu kien jirrikonoxxi l-isqfijiet Insara sew b\u0127ala mexxejja reli\u0121ju\u017ci kif ukoll b\u0127ala persuni denji li jkunu im\u0127allfin fil-belt tag\u0127hom. Fil-fatt Santu Wistin kien wie\u0127ed minn dawn l-isqfijiet li kien ukoll im\u0127allef imperjali.<\/p>\n<p>L-g\u0127ejun ta\u2019 informazzjoni dwar dan il-perjodu huma prin\u010bipalment tnejn: il-kitbiet u l-fdalijiet arkeolo\u0121i\u010bi. Hi xorti kbira g\u0127alina li huma bosta mill-kitbiet ta\u2019 dan il-perjodu li waslu sa \u017cmienna; kitbiet imperjali u sekulari, kif ukoll kitbiet ta\u2019 awturi nsara, fosthom Santu Wistin. Il-fdalijiet arkeolo\u0121i\u010bi, min-na\u0127a tag\u0127hom joffrulna idea vi\u017civa ta\u2019 kif kienu dawn l-ibliet u l-ir\u0127ulu fl-Afrika ta\u2019 Fuq ta\u2019 \u017cminijiet Rumani. Filwaqt li l-kitbiet insibuhom fil-biblijoteki u llum ukoll fuq l-internet, il-fdalijiet arkeolo\u0121i\u010bi nsibuhom fid-diversi siti arkeolo\u0121i\u010bi mxerrda mal-Afrika ta\u2019 Fuq. \u0126asra li bosta minn dawn is-siti huma mitluqa jew jinsabu f\u2019in\u0127awi li mhux dejjem possibli li wie\u0127ed i\u017curhom.<\/p>\n<p>G\u0127alhekk il-lum nistg\u0127u niltaqg\u0127u ma\u2019 Santu Wistin l-Afrikan fil-kitbiet tieg\u0127u jew billi n\u017curu l-postijiet li fihom g\u0127ex. Mill-kitbiet tieg\u0127u nitg\u0127allmu \u0127afna dwar il-\u0127ajja fl-Afrika ta\u2019 Fuq ta\u2019 \u017cmienu, u b\u2019mod partikulari dwar il-\u0127ajja tal-insara f\u2019dak i\u017c-\u017cmien. F\u2019\u010bertu sens hemm xebh bejn kif kienu jg\u0127ixu l-insara ta\u2019 dak i\u017c-\u017cmien u llum. B\u0127al fi \u017cmienna l-insara kellhom l-identit\u00e0 tag\u0127hom, i\u017cda wkoll kienu ji\u0121u influwenzati minn kurrenti ta\u2019 \u017cmienhom li mhux dejjem kienu ta\u2019 ispirazzjoni nisranija. B\u0127alna kienu jafu jg\u0127ixu u jgawdu l-\u0127ajja. B\u0127al fi \u017cmienna, u iktar minn \u017cmienna, kien hemm il-problema tal-faqar; i\u017cda kien hemm wkoll insara sinjuri, u g\u0127alhekk fil-prietki tieg\u0127u Santu Wistin kien i\u0127e\u0121\u0121e\u0121 lill-Insara sabiex jag\u0127rfu jag\u0127mlu u\u017cu tajjeb mill-\u0121id li kellhom, ma jkunux skjavi tieg\u0127u i\u017cda minflok jag\u0127mlu u\u017cu tajjeb minnu u g\u0127alhekk anke jg\u0127inu lill-foqra. Minn dawn il-kitbiet jo\u0127or\u0121u wkoll aspetti Afrikani tal-\u0127sieb ta\u2019 Santu Wistin.<\/p>\n<p>Min-na\u0127a tag\u0127hom is-siti arkeolo\u0121i\u010bi wkoll joffrulna l-possibilt\u00e0 li naraw u n\u017curu l-Afrika ta\u2019 Fuq ta\u2019 \u017cmien Santu Wistin. Fil-fatt hu possibbli n\u017curu Madawra (fl-Al\u0121erija) u Karta\u0121ni (fit-Tune\u017cija) l-ibliet li fihom studja, u Ippona (fl-Al\u0121erija), il-belt li tag\u0127ha kien isqof, u li fiha g\u0127ex fil-monasteru mwaqqaf minnu. F\u2019Ippona wie\u0127ed g\u0127adu jista\u2019 jara l-fdalijiet tal-ba\u017cilika li fiha kien iqaddes u jipprietka Santu Wistin, kif ukoll il-battisterju li fih kien g\u0127ammed min jaf kemm-il nisrani.<\/p>\n<p>G\u0127alhekk ir-rabta bejn Santu Wistin u l-Afrika ta\u2019 Fuq taf il-bidu tag\u0127ha fil-fatt storiku li hu twieled u g\u0127ex f\u2019dan ir-re\u0121jun. I\u017cda ma waqfitx hemm. Hi kompliet tintise\u0121 mal-medda tas-sekli, tant li hi strumentali sabiex nifhmu a\u0127jar lil Santu Wistin. F\u2019dan is-sens ir-rabta bejn Santu Wistin u l-Afrika ta\u2019 Fuq hi dejjem attwali.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>minn Patri Pierre Desira, Agostinjan Jista\u2019 jkun li t-titlu jissorprendik u ji\u0121ik li tistaqsi, imma x\u2019jg\u0127aqqad lil Santu Wistin mal-Afrika ta\u2019 Fuq? It-twe\u0121iba hi sew sempli\u010bi kif ukoll komplessa. Hi sempli\u010bi g\u0127ax Santu Wistin hu<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2198,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[100],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-231","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pierre-desira-riflessjonijiet-u-artikli"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/agostinjani.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/augustine_600px.jpg?fit=600%2C450&ssl=1",600,450,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/agostinjani.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/augustine_600px.jpg?resize=150%2C150&ssl=1",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/agostinjani.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/augustine_600px.jpg?fit=300%2C225&ssl=1",300,225,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/agostinjani.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/augustine_600px.jpg?fit=600%2C450&ssl=1",600,450,true],"large":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/agostinjani.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/augustine_600px.jpg?fit=600%2C450&ssl=1",600,450,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/agostinjani.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/augustine_600px.jpg?fit=600%2C450&ssl=1",600,450,true],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/agostinjani.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/augustine_600px.jpg?fit=600%2C450&ssl=1",600,450,true],"gform-image-choice-sm":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/agostinjani.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/augustine_600px.jpg?resize=300%2C300&ssl=1",300,300,true],"gform-image-choice-md":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/agostinjani.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/augustine_600px.jpg?resize=400%2C400&ssl=1",400,400,true],"gform-image-choice-lg":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/agostinjani.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/augustine_600px.jpg?resize=600%2C450&ssl=1",600,450,true]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Super User","author_link":"https:\/\/agostinjani.org\/mt\/author\/allaccess\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"minn Patri Pierre Desira, Agostinjan Jista\u2019 jkun li t-titlu jissorprendik u ji\u0121ik li tistaqsi, imma x\u2019jg\u0127aqqad lil Santu Wistin mal-Afrika ta\u2019 Fuq? It-twe\u0121iba hi sew sempli\u010bi kif ukoll komplessa. Hi sempli\u010bi g\u0127ax Santu Wistin hu","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/agostinjani.org\/mt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/231","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/agostinjani.org\/mt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/agostinjani.org\/mt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agostinjani.org\/mt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agostinjani.org\/mt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=231"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/agostinjani.org\/mt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/231\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agostinjani.org\/mt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2198"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/agostinjani.org\/mt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=231"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agostinjani.org\/mt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=231"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agostinjani.org\/mt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=231"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}